April 24, 2025: The European Union has finalized a regulatory ban on the intentional use of microplastics in consumer products. The ban targets a wide range of applications, including cosmetics, personal care items, and household cleaning agents. The legislation, part of the EU Chemicals Strategy for Sustainability under the REACH regulation, will be phased in over several years, depending on the product category.

The new rules prohibit the sale of products containing synthetic polymer particles smaller than five millimeters that are insoluble, non-biodegradable, and resistant to degradation. The ban covers ingredients commonly used for texture, exfoliation, or aesthetic enhancement in products such as scrubs, shower gels, toothpaste, detergents, and air fresheners.

Cosmetics containing microbeads for exfoliating purposes are among the first items affected, with a two-year transition period. Leave-on cosmetics such as makeup and lotions containing microplastic-based glitter or texture agents face more extended grace periods of up to six years, allowing time for industry reformulation.

The regulation also applies to industrial and agricultural uses, including granular infill used in synthetic sports turf and seed coatings. Exceptions are granted for uses deemed essential and where no viable alternatives exist, though producers must provide detailed reporting on quantities and usage patterns.

EU regulators estimate the measure will prevent the release of approximately 500,000 tonnes of microplastics into the environment over the next two decades. Member states will enforce compliance through market surveillance authorities and random product sampling.

Environmental groups have welcomed the decision as a critical step toward tackling non-visible plastic pollution, which accumulates in soils, oceans, and the food chain. Industry associations have expressed concerns about supply chain impacts and the speed of implementation, particularly for small and medium-sized manufacturers.

The Commission plans to take further action in the coming regulatory cycle to target secondary microplastic pollution from textile fibers, tire wear, and pellet loss.